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Massachusetts (/ ˌ m æ s ə ˈ tʃ uː s ɪ t s / ( listen) or / ˌ m æ s ə ˈ tʃ uː z ɪ t s /), officially the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, is the most. Kilauea; Mount Etna; Mount Yasur; Mount Nyiragongo and Nyamuragira; Piton de la Fournaise; Erta Ale. We would like to show you a description here but the site won’t allow us.

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Massachusetts - Wikipedia. Commonwealth of Massachusetts. Nickname(s): The Bay State. Motto(s): Ense petit placidam sub libertate quietem (Latin)By the sword we seek peace, but peace only under liberty. State song(s): "All Hail to Massachusetts"Official language.

English[1]Spoken languages. Demonym. Bay Stater (official)[3] Massachusite (traditional)[4][5] Massachusettsian[6]Capital(and largest city)Boston. Largest metro. Greater Boston. Area. Ranked 4. 4th • Total. Width. 18. 3 miles (2.

Length. 11. 3 miles (1. Latitude. 41° 1. 4′ N to 4. N • Longitude. 69° 5. W to 7. 3° 3. 0′ WPopulation. Ranked 1. 5th • Total. Density. 84. 0/sq mi  (3. Ranked 3rd[9] • Median household income$6.

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Elevation • Highest point. Mount Greylock[1. Mean. 50. 0 ft  (1. Lowest point. Atlantic Oceansea level. Before statehood.

Province of Massachusetts Bay. Admission to Union. February 6, 1. 78. Governor. Charlie Baker (R)Lieutenant Governor. Karyn Polito (R)Legislature.

General Court • Upper house. Senate • Lower house. House of Representatives. U. S. Senators. Elizabeth Warren (D)Ed Markey (D)U.

S. House delegation. Democrats (list)Time zone. Eastern: UTC- 5/- 4. ISO 3. 16. 6US- MAAbbreviations. MA, Mass. Websitewww.

Massachusetts state symbols. Living insignia. Bird. Black- capped chickadee,[1. Fish. Cod[1. 5][1. Flower. Mayflower[1.

Insect. Ladybug[1. Mammal. Right whale,[1. Morgan horse,[2. 0]Tabby cat,[2. Boston Terrier[2. Reptile. Garter snake[1. Tree. American elm[1.

Inanimate insignia. Beverage. Cranberry juice[1. Colors. Blue, green, cranberry[1.

Dance. Square dance[1. Food. Cranberry,[2. Boston cream pie,[3.

Boston cream doughnut[3. Fossil. Dinosaur Tracks[3. Gemstone. Rhodonite[1. Mineral. Babingtonite[1. Motto. Ense petit placidam sub libertate quietem(Latin)By the sword we seek peace, but peace only under liberty.

Poem"Blue Hills of Massachusetts"[1. Rock. Rolling Rock[1.

Shell. New England Neptune, Neptunea lyrata decemcostata[1. Ship. Schooner Ernestina[1. Slogan. Make It Yours,The Spirit of America[3. Soil. Paxton[1. 5]Song"All Hail to Massachusetts"[1. Sport. Basketball[4.

State route marker. State quarter. Lists of United States state symbols. Massachusetts ( ( listen) or ), officially the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, is the most populous state in the New England region of the northeastern United States. It is bordered by the Atlantic Ocean to the east, the states of Connecticut and Rhode Island to the south, New Hampshire and Vermont to the north, and New York to the west. The state is named for the Massachusett tribe, which once inhabited the area. The capital of Massachusetts and the most populous city in New England is Boston. Over 8. 0% of Massachusetts's population lives in the Greater Boston metropolitan area, a region influential upon American history, academia, and industry.[4.

Originally dependent on agriculture, fishing and trade,[4. Massachusetts was transformed into a manufacturing center during the Industrial Revolution.[4.

During the 2. 0th century, Massachusetts's economy shifted from manufacturing to services.[4. Modern Massachusetts is a global leader in biotechnology, engineering, higher education, finance, and maritime trade.[4. Plymouth was the site of the first colony in New England, founded in 1. Pilgrims, passengers of the Mayflower. In 1. 69. 2, the town of Salem and surrounding areas experienced one of America's most infamous cases of mass hysteria, the Salem witch trials.[4. In 1. 77. 7, General Henry Knox founded the Springfield Armory, which during the Industrial Revolution catalyzed numerous important technological advances, including interchangeable parts.[4.

In 1. 78. 6, Shays' Rebellion, a populist revolt led by disaffected American Revolutionary War veterans, influenced the United States Constitutional Convention.[5. In the 1. 8th century, the Protestant First Great Awakening, which swept the Atlantic World, originated from the pulpit of Northampton preacher Jonathan Edwards.[5. In the late 1. 8th century, Boston became known as the "Cradle of Liberty"[5. American Revolution. The entire Commonwealth of Massachusetts has played a powerful commercial and cultural role in the history of the United States.

Before the American Civil War, Massachusetts was a center for the abolitionist, temperance,[5. In the late 1. 9th century, the sports of basketball and volleyball were invented in the western Massachusetts cities of Springfield and Holyoke, respectively.[5.

In 2. 00. 4, Massachusetts became the first U. S. state to legally recognize same- sex marriage as a result of the decision in Goodridge v. Department of Public Health by the Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court.[5. Many prominent American political dynasties have hailed from the state, including the Adams and Kennedy families.

Harvard University in Cambridge is the oldest institution of higher learning in the United States,[5. Harvard Law School has educated a contemporaneous majority of Justices of the Supreme Court of the United States.[6. Kendall Square in Cambridge has been called "the most innovative square mile on the planet", in reference to the high concentration of entrepreneurialstart- ups and quality of innovation which have emerged in the vicinity of the square since 2. Both Harvard University and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, also in Cambridge, have been ranked among the most highly regarded academic institutions in the world.[6. Massachusetts's public school students place among the top nations in the world in academic performance.[6. Etymology[edit]. Prominent roads and cities in Massachusetts.

The Massachusetts Bay Colony was named after the indigenous population, the Massachusett, likely derived from a Wôpanâak word muswach. Wôpanâak orthographic chart).[6. It has been translated as "near the great hill",[6. Blue Hills, or in particular the Great Blue Hill which is located on the boundary of Milton and Canton.[6. Alternatively, Massachusett has been represented as Moswetuset—from the name of the Moswetuset Hummock (meaning "hill shaped like an arrowhead") in Quincy, where Plymouth Colony commander Myles Standish, hired English military officer, and Squanto, part of the now disappeared Patuxet band of the Wampanoag peoples, met Chief Chickatawbut in 1. The official name of the state is the "Commonwealth of Massachusetts".[7. While this designation is part of the state's official name, it has no practical implications.[7.

Massachusetts has the same position and powers within the United States as other states.[7. History[edit]Pre- colonization[edit]Massachusetts was originally inhabited by tribes of the Algonquian language family such as the Wampanoag, Narragansett, Nipmuc, Pocomtuc, Mahican, and Massachusett.[7.

While cultivation of crops like squash and corn supplemented their diets, these tribes were generally dependent on hunting, gathering and fishing for most of their food. Villages consisted of lodges called wigwams as well as longhouses,[7. Colonial period[edit]In the early 1. Europeans, large numbers of the indigenous peoples in the northeast of what is now the United States were killed by virgin soil epidemics such as smallpox, measles, influenza, and perhaps leptospirosis.[7.

Between 1. 61. 7 and 1. Massachusetts Bay. Native Americans. The first English settlers in Massachusetts, the Pilgrims, arrived via the Mayflower[8.

Plymouth in 1. 62. Wampanoag people.[8. This was the second successful permanent English colony in the part of North America that later became the United States, after the Jamestown Colony. The event known as the "First Thanksgiving" was celebrated by the Pilgrims after their first harvest in the New World which lasted for three days. The Pilgrims were soon followed by other Puritans, who established the Massachusetts Bay Colony at present- day Boston in 1.

The Puritans, who believed the Church of England needed to be purified and experienced harassment from English authority because of their beliefs,[8. Massachusetts with the goal of establishing an ideal religious society.[8.